Indonesia has so many exotic cultures. One of them is traditional music. Every region has their own traditional music which are played by different musical instrument. Java, especially Central Java, East Java, and Yogyakarta has Karawitan.
Karawitan is a Javanese traditional music art with complete equipment and has developed in hereditary according to the development of the era and does not leave its authenticity. Traditional musical instrument equipment is called Gamelan, which consists of various tools or "ricikan".
Karawitan was known since the era of Kalingga Kingdom that was governed by King Syailendra. Formerly, the equipment of Gamelan was still very simple. The tone intonation was still simple anyway. In this era, Gamelan Slendro was created.
In the era of Majapahit, the art of karawitan has developed well, although the equipment is still very simple. The Slendro-aligned gamelan has also been developed with Pelog's tuning gamelan, which in an octave is divided into 7 tones: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
In the era of Mataram, two types of gamelan that is still very simple began to be equipped with new tools (ricikan) as supporting, so that the more complete and complete ricikan as it is today.
In this Mataram era also, the two types of gamelan (Pelog and Slendro), put together into a unit of music that are mutually related and complementary.
In the era of Majapahit, the art of karawitan has developed well, although the equipment is still very simple. The Slendro-aligned gamelan has also been developed with Pelog's tuning gamelan, which in an octave is divided into 7 tones: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
In the era of Mataram, two types of gamelan that is still very simple began to be equipped with new tools (ricikan) as supporting, so that the more complete and complete ricikan as it is today.
In this Mataram era also, the two types of gamelan (Pelog and Slendro), put together into a unit of music that are mutually related and complementary.
In ancient times Karawitan only grow and developed within the palace. Even the royalty and relatives of the palace may be said to have control of the field Karawitan, Tembang and Dance.
For the wider community living outside the palace can not learn Karawitan with a good and correct Gamelan beat method. With high spirits, they taught themselves according to the sound of the Gamelan that he had heard from within the Royal Palace. Karawitan who do not use this good and correct method, called Karawitan Alam. Today, the Royal Palace is not the only source of karawitan art development. To develop the art of karawitan, has established many formal education institution which provide guidance and Karawitan Method is good and correct.
The development of karawitan art can also be done through Radio, TV and other electronic media. Besides, there are also many Karawitan groups that have been able to develop karawitan well and correctly. Therefore it is very unfortunate if there is still Karawitan Nature who do not want to follow the correct method of gamelan beat.
In today's modern era, many want to float Gamelan Music (diatonic) with pentatonic music. But the combination of two types of music is still creative, can not be made a new music, because they can not be functioned absolutely together.
Meanwhile, according to other sunber, Javanese Gamelan is a set of instruments as a musical statement that is often referred to as karawitan. Karawitan derived from the Java language means complicated, convoluted, but the rawite also bararti smooth, beautiful, tortuous and delicious. The Javanese word karawitan is especially used to refer to gamelan music, Indonesian music with nondiatonic tone system (in slendro and pelog barrel) which use the notation system, sound color, rhythm, memilikia function, pathet and rule work in the form of serving instrumentalia, vokalia and a beautiful mixture is heard.
Javanese gamelan art contains historical and philosophical values for the Indonesian nation. It is said that because Javanese gamelan is one of the cultural art that is inherited by the predecessors and until now still much loved and occupied. Hypothetically, the Javanese society before Hindu influence has known ten skills, such as wayang and gamelan. In the past, Javanese gamelan ownership was limited to the palace. Now anyone who is interested can have it as long as it is not Javanese gamelan which is inherited category (Timbul Haryono, 2001). Philosophically Javanese gamelan is an integral part of the life of Javanese society. This demikaian caused the philosophy of life Javanese society associated with the cultural arts in the form of Jwa gamelan and closely related to the development of religion dianutnya.
The term gamelan has long been known in Indonesia, has been mentioned in some ancient Javanese kakawin. The meaning of the word gamelan, until now is still in the allegations. Perhaps also the word gamelan occurs from the shift or development of the word gembel. Gembel is the tool to beat. Because of how to sound the instrument with a bang. Goods are often beaten the name of a punch, the goods are often diketok name ketokan or kentongan, goods that are often digembal gembelan name. The word gembelan is shifted or developed into a gamelan. Perhaps also because the way to make the gamelan is a bronze that beaten or hammered or menggembel, then the objects are often made by digembel name gembelan, objects that are often gathered-collected name kempelan and so on gembelan developed into gamelan. In other words, the gamelan is an object resulting from it being mangled or beaten.
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